Vue组件渲染函数及VNode生成函数h()、createVNode()

Posted by Mars . Modified at

源文件目录:

packages/runtime-core/src/vnode.ts

packages/runtime-core/src/h.ts

Vue组件实现模板解析渲染的几种方式

  1. 单文件组件(SFC)中,Vue组件可以使用
  2. 任何组件都可以通过配置中tempalte property传入模板字符串定义渲染模板;
  3. 定义render()方法,作为组件的渲染函数进行纯JS渲染。

VNode的TS类型定义源码

VNode中常见的重要属性如下:

  • type: VNode的类型。(代表类型的字符串,VNode对象Component对象Text类型Symbol,Static类型Symbol,Comment类型Symbol,Fragment类型Symbol等)
  • props: VNode本身的属性。官方这里可选定义了:key,ref,和VNode的一些生命周期钩子:onVnodeBeforeMount,onVnodeMounted,onVnodeBeforeUpdate,onVnodeUpdated,onVnodeBeforeUnmount,onVnodeUnmounted等。Props可以在h()函数的第二个参数传入。
  • children: 子VNode;
  • key: VNode的唯一标志符;
  • el: VNode在DOM中挂载的元素对象
// packages/runtime-core/src/vnode.ts
export interface VNode<
  HostNode = RendererNode,
  HostElement = RendererElement,
  ExtraProps = { [key: string]: any }
> {
  /**
   * @internal
   */
// 判断是否是VNode的内部标志:__v_isVNode
  __v_isVNode: true
  /**
   * @internal
   */
// VNode设置为永远不是响应式的
  [ReactiveFlags.SKIP]: true

// VNode 的类型:

// export type VNodeTypes =
// | string
// | VNode
// | Component
// | typeof Text
// | typeof Static
// | typeof Comment
// | typeof Fragment  (Fragment是Vue3引入的新节点类型,用来包裹多个根元素组件,让用户可以不用强制创建单一根元素组件。)
// | typeof TeleportImpl
// | typeof SuspenseImpl

  type: VNodeTypes
  props: (VNodeProps & ExtraProps) | null
  key: string | number | null
  ref: VNodeNormalizedRef | null

  /**
   * SFC only. This is assigned on vnode creation using currentScopeId
   * which is set alongside currentRenderingInstance.
   */
  scopeId: string | null

  /**
   * SFC only. This is assigned to:
   * - Slot fragment vnodes with :slotted SFC styles.
   * - Component vnodes (during patchsuspense`  ydration) so that its root node can
   *   inherit the component's slotScopeIds
   */
  slotScopeIds: string[] | null
  children: VNodeNormalizedChildren
  component: ComponentInternalInstance | null
  dirs: DirectiveBinding[] | null
  transition: TransitionHooks<HostElement> | null

  // DOM
  el: HostNode | null
  anchor: HostNode | null // fragment anchor
  target: HostElement | null // teleport target
  targetAnchor: HostNode | null // teleport target anchor
  staticCount: number // number of elements contained in a static vnode

  // suspense
  suspense: SuspenseBoundary | null
  ssContent: VNode | null
  ssFallback: VNode | null

  // optimization only
  shapeFlag: number
  patchFlag: number
  dynamicProps: string[] | null
  dynamicChildren: VNode[] | null

  // application root node only
  appContext: AppContext | null
}

h()函数

从源码上看,h()函数主要是对不同的传参形式进行了重载。在内部,还是调用createNode()函数。

// 这里定义了一系列h()函数的重载形式,用来让用户更容易使用。
// h()函数用来生成VNode,用户用来在组件中手动编写render()函数方法,用来代替template。

// !!————————从这里开始都是重载编写部分——————————————!!
// 传入字符串类型,生成DOM元素
// 可以传入两个参数,也可以传入三个参数。对应下面第一个和第二个重载形式。
export function h(type: string, children?: RawChildren): VNode
export function h(
  type: string,
  props?: RawProps | null,
  children?: RawChildren | RawSlots
): VNode

// 传入文本类型符号或注释类型符号,生成对应VNode:
// export const Text = Symbol(__DEV__ ? 'Text' : undefined)
// export const Comment = Symbol(__DEV__ ? 'Comment' : undefined)
// export const Static = Symbol(__DEV__ ? 'Static' : undefined)
export function h(
  type: typeof Text | typeof Comment,
  children?: string | number | boolean
): VNode
export function h(
  type: typeof Text | typeof Comment,
  props?: null,
  children?: string | number | boolean
): VNode

// 下面是特殊类型节点的生成,不重点了解。
// 生成fragment类型VNode
export function h(type: typeof Fragment, children?: VNodeArrayChildren): VNode
export function h(
  type: typeof Fragment,
  props?: RawProps | null,
  children?: VNodeArrayChildren
): VNode

// teleport (target prop is required)
export function h(
  type: typeof Teleport,
  props: RawProps & TeleportProps,
  children: RawChildren
): VNode

// suspense 组件类型节点
export function h(type: typeof Suspense, children?: RawChildren): VNode
export function h(
  type: typeof Suspense,
  props?: (RawProps & SuspenseProps) | null,
  children?: RawChildren | RawSlots
): VNode

// functional component
export function h<P, E extends EmitsOptions = {}>(
  type: FunctionalComponent<P, E>,
  props?: (RawProps & P) | ({} extends P ? null : never),
  children?: RawChildren | RawSlots
): VNode

// catch-all for generic component types
export function h(type: Component, children?: RawChildren): VNode

// concrete component
export function h<P>(
  type: ConcreteComponent | string,
  children?: RawChildren
): VNode
export function h<P>(
  type: ConcreteComponent<P> | string,
  props?: (RawProps & P) | ({} extends P ? null : never),
  children?: RawChildren
): VNode

// 没有属性props的组件
export function h(
  type: Component,
  props: null,
  children?: RawChildren | RawSlots
): VNode

// exclude `defineComponent` constructors
export function h<P>(
  type: ComponentOptions<P>,
  props?: (RawProps & P) | ({} extends P ? null : never),
  children?: RawChildren | RawSlots
): VNode

// fake constructor type returned by `defineComponent` or class component
export function h(type: Constructor, children?: RawChildren): VNode
export function h<P>(
  type: Constructor<P>,
  props?: (RawProps & P) | ({} extends P ? null : never),
  children?: RawChildren | RawSlots
): VNode

// fake constructor type returned by `defineComponent`
export function h(type: DefineComponent, children?: RawChildren): VNode
export function h<P>(
  type: DefineComponent<P>,
  props?: (RawProps & P) | ({} extends P ? null : never),
  children?: RawChildren | RawSlots
): VNode
// !!————————重载编写部分结束——————————————!!

// 这里是h()函数的具体实现:可以看到就是根据不同的形式调用createVNode()
export function h(type: any, propsOrChildren?: any, children?: any): VNode {
  const l = arguments.length
  if (l === 2) {
    if (isObject(propsOrChildren) && !isArray(propsOrChildren)) {
      // single vnode without props
      if (isVNode(propsOrChildren)) {
        return createVNode(type, null, [propsOrChildren])
      }
      // props without children
      return createVNode(type, propsOrChildren)
    } else {
      // omit props
      return createVNode(type, null, propsOrChildren)
    }
  } else {
    if (l > 3) {
      children = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 2)
    } else if (l === 3 && isVNode(children)) {
      children = [children]
    }
    return createVNode(type, propsOrChildren, children)
  }
}

createVNode函数: h()函数调用的原始函数

// 根据是否是开发环境选择不同的方法,核心都是_createVNode函数。
export const createVNode = (__DEV__
  ? createVNodeWithArgsTransform
  : _createVNode) as typeof _createVNode

function _createVNode(
  type: VNodeTypes | ClassComponent | typeof NULL_DYNAMIC_COMPONENT,
  props: (Data & VNodeProps) | null = null,
  children: unknown = null,
  patchFlag: number = 0,
  dynamicProps: string[] | null = null,
  isBlockNode = false
): VNode {

// 判断传入的type是否合法(为falsy),不合法报错。 
// 这时type会被设定为注释类型。
  if (!type || type === NULL_DYNAMIC_COMPONENT) {
    if (__DEV__ && !type) {
      warn(`Invalid vnode type when creating vnode: ${type}.`)
    }
    type = Comment
  }

// 判断传入的类型如果本身是VNode,就复制一个新的VNode返回。
  if (isVNode(type)) {
    // createVNode receiving an existing vnode. This happens in cases like
    // <component :is="vnode"/> (动态组件!)
    // #2078 make sure to merge refs during the clone instead of overwriting it
    const cloned = cloneVNode(type, props, true /* mergeRef: true */)
    if (children) {
      normalizeChildren(cloned, children)
    }
    return cloned
  }

  // class component normalization.
  if (isClassComponent(type)) {
    type = type.__vccOpts
  }

  // class & style normalization.
  if (props) {
    // for reactive or proxy objects, we need to clone it to enable mutation.
    if (isProxy(props) || InternalObjectKey in props) {
      props = extend({}, props)
    }
    let { class: klass, style } = props
    if (klass && !isString(klass)) {
      props.class = normalizeClass(klass)
    }
    if (isObject(style)) {
      // reactive state objects need to be cloned since they are likely to be
      // mutated
      if (isProxy(style) && !isArray(style)) {
        style = extend({}, style)
      }
      props.style = normalizeStyle(style)
    }
  }

  // encode the vnode type information into a bitmap
  const shapeFlag = isString(type)
    ? ShapeFlags.ELEMENT
    : __FEATURE_SUSPENSE__ && isSuspense(type)
      ? ShapeFlags.SUSPENSE
      : isTeleport(type)
        ? ShapeFlags.TELEPORT
        : isObject(type)
          ? ShapeFlags.STATEFUL_COMPONENT
          : isFunction(type)
            ? ShapeFlags.FUNCTIONAL_COMPONENT
            : 0

  if (__DEV__ && shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.STATEFUL_COMPONENT && isProxy(type)) {
    type = toRaw(type)
    warn(
      `Vue received a Component which was made a reactive object. This can ` +
        `lead to unnecessary performance overhead, and should be avoided by ` +
        `marking the component with \`markRaw\` or using \`shallowRef\` ` +
        `instead of \`ref\`.`,
      `\nComponent that was made reactive: `,
      type
    )
  }

// VNode的初始值定义。包含VNode的所有属性参数。
  const vnode: VNode = {
    __v_isVNode: true,
    [ReactiveFlags.SKIP]: true,
    type,
    props,
    key: props && normalizeKey(props),
    ref: props && normalizeRef(props),
    scopeId: currentScopeId,
    slotScopeIds: null,
    children: null,
    component: null,
    suspense: null,
    ssContent: null,
    ssFallback: null,
    dirs: null,
    transition: null,
    el: null,
    anchor: null,
    target: null,
    targetAnchor: null,
    staticCount: 0,
    shapeFlag,
    patchFlag,
    dynamicProps,
    dynamicChildren: null,
    appContext: null
  }

  // validate key
  if (__DEV__ && vnode.key !== vnode.key) {
    warn(`VNode created with invalid key (NaN). VNode type:`, vnode.type)
  }

  normalizeChildren(vnode, children)

  // normalize suspense children
  if (__FEATURE_SUSPENSE__ && shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.SUSPENSE) {
    const { content, fallback } = normalizeSuspenseChildren(vnode)
    vnode.ssContent = content
    vnode.ssFallback = fallback
  }

  if (
    shouldTrack > 0 &&
    // avoid a block node from tracking itself
    !isBlockNode &&
    // has current parent block
    currentBlock &&
    // presence of a patch flag indicates this node needs patching on updates.
    // component nodes also should always be patched, because even if the
    // component doesn't need to update, it needs to persist the instance on to
    // the next vnode so that it can be properly unmounted later.
    (patchFlag > 0 || shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.COMPONENT) &&
    // the EVENTS flag is only for hydration and if it is the only flag, the
    // vnode should not be considered dynamic due to handler caching.
    patchFlag !== PatchFlags.HYDRATE_EVENTS
  ) {
    currentBlock.push(vnode)
  }

  return vnode
}
Keywords: Vue
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